影评1:
This is an excellent film. Rain Man incorporates moving drama, timeless scenery and unbelievable performances from Dustin Hoffman and even Tom Cruise who up to this point in film history was known for typical chick flicks or films in which his potential was not shown, even the color of money couldn't make him look like any kind of decent actor. Yet in Rain Man he isn't bad, but I suppose it is very clear and easy to say that Dustin acts him off the screen. The screen is a simple tale of brotherly love. Dustin plays Raymond "The Rain Man" Babbitt, the long lost, supposedly autistic brother of Charlie Babbitt (Cruise). As Charlie finds out he has a brother never revealed to him by his father he feels let down and betrayed, and even more so that now his father is dead and leaving his estate, to the value of $3.000.000 to his brother, and not to himself. So Charlie in his situation decides to take Raymond away from the medical institution he was left in, and goes on a huge road trip, not willing to give his brother up, unless the institutes settles his share of his father's assets. But as this slow but intriguing film goes on, the bonds get stronger, and you can see the devotion settling in around them as they establish some common ground. And so when the end of the film comes and the brothers are ripped apart, even though really you know they should be allowed to unite it is extremely saddening. The end scene is particularly good, and very emotional, and the fact Barry Levinson has made characters the audience can genuinely care for, it means that the overall effect on the viewers is elevated to a whole new and amazing degree. It is brilliant. Don't deny this film it's worth because of technicalities and the fact it doesn't relay the correct message, and praise the quality of its creation. Which is without a shadow of a doubt one of the best and most touching film productions to ever grace the screen.
影评2:
I have seen this movie probably 7 or 8 times in the past three years, wrote a paper about it for my college film class last semester, and basically regard it as my favorite movie of all time. Where to begin with the praise for this movie? Let's start with the acting. Dustin Hoffman is my favorite actor, and has been for a while. I'd watch him in any role. I was amazed at the way he was able to pull off this role. I've never seen a more deserved Oscar win. The vacant stare, the monotone voice, the screaming, it was unbelievable. Each time I watch it I am floored by his talent. Tom Cruise is also good, the villain of the story who undergoes such a subtle change that it's almost not visible until nearly the end. He is, however, perfectly suited for the flashy, egotistical character of Charlie, and I think he did a great job. The directing was unobtrusive and beautiful, for the most part just letting the action unfold, which is exactly the way it should have been done. It's a feel-good movie that does that and more, and I think nothing I've seen in the movies is as touching as the scene in the motel where Charlie discovers who "Rain Man" really is. I give this movie a 9.5 out of 10. Absolutely wonderful.
影评3:
Rain Man is a moving story about two brothers, one a selfish yuppie named Charlie Babbitt who cares only about the importance of money and the other named Raymond who is a autistic and doesn't know anything about the importance of money. Charlie realizes that his father left three million dollars to Raymond and little to him, as he also realizes Raymomd is his brother! Charlie kidnaps Raymond from his residential home and begins a long journey and discovery that will forever change both their lives. Rain Man is a completely moving, emotional, funny, and unforgettable movie. Dustin Hoffman is one of my favorite actors and plays his most memorable role as well as Tom Cruise, who gives a great performance that helped a lot in launching most of his career. The direction by Barry Levinson is stunning and of course, his best yet. Overall, the film is a timeless classic that moves me in every way. This is definitely one of the best films of the 80's and one of my all time favorites. Yea, definitely, definitely, recommend it!
这是一部在奥斯卡的大名单中留下自己名字的经典影片,也是整个八十年代极具影响力的一部影片。在我看来,它更像是一部严谨的,甚至有些刻板的好莱坞式教科书。影片力求达到所谓"学术"与"大众"之间最为适当的交汇点,并在合适的时候将这一点发扬光大,一方面得到那些评委们的肯定,另一方面博得大众的欢欣,这,也正是影片取得巨大成功的主要原因。
影片选择了"亲情"这个具有无穷魅力的情感主题,并且贯穿在整部电影当中,使用道德的多重选择来对"亲情"概念加以烘托。所谓"道德的多重选择",实际上指的是在片中作为弟弟的查理(汤姆·克鲁斯饰)在对待金钱利益和手足之情上的两种选择,这也是构成影片矛盾的焦点所在。我们首先考察一下影片中的哪些因素对其情感主题起作用了。
本片导演巴里·莱文森一向以对社会事物及社会热点的冷静洞悉而著称。他的电影大多风格内敛,在对镜头的处理上显得中规中矩,常将镜头的焦点对准人物并以此为线索展开整个事件。在对主导动机的处理上简单含蓄,显得冷硬而规矩。影片开场时的第一个主导动机:吊在半空中的汽车,就直截了当地点出了整部影片叙事的主体——公路。而汽车则是影片中矛盾发展的载体。同时,这里也点出了影片主人公查理的人物身份。在接下来的工作间一场戏里,更是表现了查理的精明能干、善于调和事物的诸多性格侧面。另外,在空中的汽车也在一定程度上暗示了查理如日中天的工作背景,仿佛就像他架车行驶在天空中一样,而处在景深空间的则是一幢幢高楼大厦。
接着,查理得到父亲去世的消息,于是去参加葬礼,却发现了一辆车,便引出了对儿时的记忆。原来,查理因为偷开父亲的车而被父亲唾弃。车成为影片中矛盾的动因。正是由于车的原因,查理才会和父亲不和,自己也因此干上了汽车行当。在下面的段落中,同样利用汽车,引出了本片的真正主角——"雨人"(达斯汀·霍夫曼饰)。于是整部影片的所有设置已基本确立,在剩下的时间里,就是利用这些设置制造并解决其中提出的矛盾。
从查理把"雨人"带出医院开始直到"雨人"返回医院是影片的中心叙事段落,占据了整个影片的2/3以上。这一进展过程看上去更像是公路片模式,而汽车更是成了这一大段中重要的道具和承载体。影片的编创人员也有意识地要用汽车而不是其他交通工具来完成对片中"亲情"主题的刻画。当查理准备带"雨人"上飞机时,"雨人"表现出了极度的恐慌与不安,并历数了以前各个时期的飞机失事。查理在毫无办法的情况下只好答应"雨人"搭乘汽车的要求。至此,编导们达到了利用汽车来延展叙事时空,营造一个相对广阔叙事环境的目的。
汽车是整个事件发展的承载体,也是主题发挥的良好基石。在二人行到中途的时候,"雨人"突然想起自己的内裤,于是要求查理回到他指定的地方买那条指定的内裤。已经被这个怪哥哥弄的焦头烂额的查理此时进退两难。异常无奈的他气愤地离开了汽车,独自一人边走边大声抱怨,可当他回头再看时,哥哥也已经不在车内了,而是向卖内裤的那个方向走去。这时的汽车里空无一人,代表的是兄弟俩情感及思维方式上的隔阂与难以沟通,于是俩人相继离开了他们心灵交流的场所——汽车,顿时造成了一种分离空荡的艺术效果。而当后来查理和"雨人"在赌场赢了一大笔钱后和苏珊娜一同乘车嬉戏时,气氛却是暖洋洋的,因为汽车在这一狭小空间代表的是兄弟间心灵的沟通,让他们同时沐浴在金色的阳光中,喷泉中的泉水也像是和着欢快的舒畅的背景音乐雀跃起舞,发出轻捷明快、滴入人心的水滴声。在这两个地方,汽车显然是充当了"亲情"沟通的场所,形成了鲜明的反差,且为情节的进一步发展打下了基础。
除了汽车之外,影片中还利用了诸如电话、电视之类的现代科技产物来对现实社会状态进行一些侧面的隐晦的折射,并产生了一定的社会讽刺作用。不过,影片中最大的讽刺还是出于"雨人"对查理的讽刺。
"雨人"指的是患有"自闭症"的一类人,是被排除在正常人世界外的。片中的"雨人"雷曼德便是典型。他做事情总是循规蹈矩,要求一切事物一陈不变。他害怕与他人进行交流与接触,对世界的一切都仅限于平面化的、教条式的认识,其行为举止更是属于"异类",完全不顾及周围环境的变化,只是根据自己的主观意识行动。和以往表现"非正常人"的电影一样,影片中的"雨人"除了先天性残疾外,还具有某些"正常人"所不具备的一些特长。在影片中,编导不厌其烦地表现他对数字的独特兴趣和超凡的记忆能力,并强化了这一个人行为上的主导线索,成为了整个叙事中重要动机而存在。影片还利用其自身的这一特性,营造出一种特别的喜剧效果和戏剧张力。从某种角度上讲,"雨人"这个角色是影片整个戏剧性的焦点所在。片中的喜剧环节、矛盾的动因均在他的身上得以体现。如查理与苏珊娜做爱时,不明事理的雷曼德闯进了他们的房间,并和苏珊娜一起哼哼起来。这样的以他个人无意识、无逻辑的行为创造出的笑料在影片中层出不穷。更重要的是,他的这一行为引起了查理的不满,也为叙事的进一步发展以及两种对立性格层面的相互溶解奠定了基础。
以后的叙事中心点基本上围绕兄弟两人性格、志趣上的格格不入深入下去。而"雨人"雷曼德则是二人关系中的支柱点。直到查理找到雷曼德身上可以为自己所用的地方,获得了极大物质和心理满足时,两人的性格、行为冲突才被化解。由此可以确立此人物在全片中起着推动事件因果发展的作用。
对于营造良好的"笑果"一向以来都是好莱坞的强项,特别是在当一个"非正常"个体进入"正常世界"时的各种行为都会给人以怪诞、滑稽之感。影片借"雨人"大作文章,尤其是由于他的固执、苛守规章引出的连串喜剧,如前文中提到的闯入弟弟房间一段,在影片中段执意要买指定内裤以及当他借别人家收看电视时,家中小孩子们一个个面无表情地盯着电视与他像孩子般看得津津有味形成的反差。这些细节让他的形象生动可爱,又让影片整体的观赏效果上了一个台阶。
事实上,让我们仔细观察一下,不难发现,导演基本上是以纯粹客观的视角来进行拍摄的。我们几乎看不到人物的内心视像,这是本片的又一大特点(这也是巴里·莱文森一贯的电影风格)。"雨人"的形象虽然生动亲切,但也仅仅是丰富了影片的娱乐元素,推动了整个事件的进程。对于"雨人"自身来讲,没有多少人性特征,他看上去更象是查理的一面镜子,通过这面镜子,观众看到的是社会中人们所追求、崇尚的那些"实际利益",而在影片中则表现为查理的拜金主义和惟利是图。可以这么说,查理这个人物形象就是美国的一个缩影,片中有一个地方表现得很出采,当委托人正在宣读查理父亲遗嘱时,镜头所对准的是查理的一只手,那只手上套着两枚戒指,正不耐烦地敲击着桌子。这一形象化的描述把一个对财产视若珍宝却对亲情视为旁物的典型形象刻画地入木三分。相对于查理,"雨人"对数字有着超乎寻常的敏锐捕捉及出色的记忆能力,但对同样要依靠数字来分辨的金钱却是一窍不通。于是,查理为了钱而与"雨人"走上了同一条路,"雨人"则用自己的各种行为让查理认识到比钱更重要的东西——亲情。当然,作为一部带有明显商业化烙印的好莱坞电影,宣扬的又是一个积极向上的人性主题,那么结局的设置必定是具有明确道德立场判断的。影片的叙事也努力地让查理这个人物身上所具有的"劣性"一步步被"洗脱",最后使他在观念上发生"根本的转变",给观众一个"圆满"的解释,并把许多尖锐的讽刺以暧昧的方式进行了"自我化解",让影片看起来不会过于惹眼,又有一定的深意。
本片最大的亮点还是达斯汀·霍夫曼那无懈可击的天才表演。用可爱、精致、伟大或是其他任何赞美之辞来修饰他都不为过。尤其是他在形体上的把握,使他无论在中近景镜头还是远景镜头都是整个画面最吸引人注目的焦点。霍夫曼对"自闭症"患者近乎神经质式的诠释将"非正常人"的表现境界又提高了一步。相比之下,扮演弟弟的汤姆·克鲁斯在他的光环下就显得相形见拙了,纯粹就像是一个花瓶似的摆设。
综上所述,得出的结论是,《雨人》是一部值得玩味的不错的情感片,但依旧是摆脱不了好莱坞模式的窠臼,以商业元素的介入为主,艺术样式的创造为辅,制造出符合大众口味的电影。道德标准被确立在主导环节,并对影片的叙事及艺术创造产生了直接的影响。类似的影片在美国比比皆是,只是这部《雨人》总体基调及细节上的把握更细腻、平稳,再加上天才的表演,所以取得了巨大的成功,这也从一个侧面代表了奥斯卡的取舍标准——中庸的题材传统的手法。
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