1.“主----系-----表”(SLP)句型:
在这种句型中,谓语动词是以be为主的连系动词(Linking Verb),后面跟主语补语(Subject Complement),如:
These oranges have kept fresh. 这些桔子一直很新鲜。
Mary is a student / here /in the room. 玛丽是个学生/在这儿/在房间里。
有的语法家把be后面的副词(短语)或介词短语视为状语,从而形成了“主----动-----状”(SVA)这一在五种基本句型之外的句型(见上面最后一个例句)。
2.“主----动”(SV)句型:
在这种句型中,谓语动词为不及物动词(Intransitive Verb),谓语部分通常只包括限定动词,即使有状语,也属任意性状语,即:去掉后并不影响句子结构和意义的完整,如:
This bread won’t keep (for a long time). 这种面包不好(长期)存放。
Tom has left.
前面说过,有些句子中的状语是不可缺少的,这种状语被称为必具性状语,从而构成“主----动----状”(SVA)句型,但这仅限于少数几个动词的某些用法,因而不是一种主要句型,如:
They are staying in a hotel. 他们暂住在一家旅馆里。
3.“主----动-----宾”(SVO)句型:
在这种句型中,谓语动词为只带一个宾语的及物动词,这种动词被称为单宾语及物动词(Monotransitive Verb),如:
He kept the money. 他保存着这些钱。
They have left the hotel. 他们已经离开了那家旅馆。
在这种句型中,状语通常也不是必不可少的,但有少数几个及物动词的某些用法要求必具性状语,从而形成了“主----动-----宾-----状”(SVOA)这一在五种基本句型之外的另一种句型,如:
The train leaves London at nine. 这列火车九点钟驶离伦敦。
4.“主----动----间宾-----直宾”(SVOiId)句型:
在这一句型中,谓语动词为能带一个间接宾语和一个直接宾语的及物动词,这类动词被称为双宾语及物动词(Ditransitive Verb),如:
He kept me a dictionary. 他为我保存了一本词典。
Shall I leave you the camera? 要我把照相机留给你吗?
5.“主----动----宾----补”(SVOC)句型:
在这种句型中,谓语动词为能带复合宾语(宾语+宾语补语)的及物动词,这类动词叫做复合宾语及物动词(Complex Transitive Verb),如:
She kept a notebook handy. 她手头上随时有个笔记本。
His illness left him weak. 他的疾病使他身体虚弱。
五种基本句型, 各举5个例子
英语五种基本句型列式如下:基本句型一: S +V (主+谓)基本句型二: S +V +P (主+系+表)基本句型三: S +V +O (主+谓+宾)基本句型四: S +V +IO +O(主+谓+间宾+直宾)基本句型五: S +V +O +C(主+谓+宾+宾补)基本句型 一S +V(主+谓)此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。
这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
基本句型 二S +V +P(主+系+表)此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。
这类动词叫做连系动词。
系动词分两类:be, look, feel,smell,taste,sound等属一类,表示情况;get, grow, become, turn,go等属另一类,表示变化。
be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表的作用。
其它系动词仍保持其部分词义另:stay,prove,remain,stand。
基本句型 三S +V +O(主+谓+宾)此句型句子的共同特点是:谓语动词都具有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。
这类动词叫做及物动词。
基本句型 四S +V +IO +O(主+谓+间宾+直宾)此句型的句子有一个共同特点:谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。
这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者,另一个是动作的间接承受者。
通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接,当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时,这一介词往往被省略。
基本句型 五S +V +O +C(主+谓+宾+宾补)此句型的句子的共同特点是:动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,才能使意思完整。
例句1.They work hard.主 + 谓2.The flower is dead.主 + 系 + 表3.Plants need water.主 + 谓 + 宾4.He gives me some seeds.主 + 谓 + 直宾 + 简宾5.We should keep the plants in the shade.主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补6.Many animals live in trees.主 + 谓除了基本句型的成分不变外,通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语而加以扩大。
这些修饰语可以是单词(主要是形容词、副词和数词),也可以是各种类型的短语(主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语)。
下面以基本句型五(v+o+o.c)为例:We found the hall full.我们发现礼堂坐满了。
We found the great hall full of students and teachers.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师。
We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师,在听一个重要报告。
We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report made by a comrade from the People's Daily on current affairs in East Europe.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师,在听人民日报的一位同志作有关东欧局势的重要报告。
五种基本句子结构
薄冰语法:五种基本句子结构是1、主语+动词2、主语+动词+宾语3、主语+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语4、主语+系动词(或类似于系动词的动词如feel, taste, like, seem, like等)+补语5、主语+ 动词+宾语+补语这是五种简单句的基本结构。
谢谢!
句子的五种短语分别是什么
1并列短语2主谓短语3动宾短语4偏正短语5动补短语 给你举个例子一下你可以参考一、并列短语:1. 名+名文化教育 今天或明天 良师益友 工人农民 报刊书籍 报纸杂志 老师同学 (名词短语) 2. 动+动调查研究 关心支持 愿意并实行 团结互助 团结和谐 齐心协力(动词短语) 3. 形+形光辉灿烂 真诚忠实 庄严肃穆 万紫千红 风和日丽 雄伟壮丽(形容词短语) 4. 代+代我和他 这样那样 这里那里 他和她(名词短语) 5. 数量+数量二、主谓短语:精力充沛、心情愉快、声音响亮、月光皎洁、老师讲课、露珠晶莹、大家唱歌、我们回去、XXX起立、XXX坐下、觉悟提高、思想解放、阳光灿烂、道理通俗易懂、我们学习、斗志昂扬、意志坚定、身心愉悦、工作繁忙、今天星期三、明天国庆节、他中等身材、你是中学生 三、动宾短语:讨论问题、追求真理、热爱生命、攀登顶峰、喜欢游泳、学习开车、歌唱祖国、学习知识、关心集体、包罗万象、顾全大局、爱护公物、暗度陈仓、傲睨一切、饱经霜雪、饱经忧患、抱成一团、逼上梁山、稳操胜券 四、偏正短语:粉红的荷花、严肃处理、完全相信、非常激动、辽阔的草原、美丽的朝霞 、我的故乡、世外桃源、后起之秀、层出不穷、趁火抢劫、趁水和泥、瞠目而视、乘热打铁、乘胜逐北、赤子之心、鹑衣百结、蠢蠢欲动、从长计议、从恶如崩、从谏如流 五、动补短语:读两遍、飞进来、走在前面、安静得很、拿出来、住一年、快得很、轰动一时、恍如隔世、荒淫无度、悔之晚矣、嫉恶如仇、坚韧不拔、坚贞不渝、见势不妙、缄口不言、惊惶失措、精美绝伦
用五种基本句型各写两个句子
英语五种基本句型如下,下面提供了很多例句,你可以随意进行挑选.1、主语———动词———表语 (主系表)2、主语———动词 (主谓)3、主语———动词———宾语 (主谓宾)4、主语———动词———宾语———宾语 (主谓间宾直宾)5、主语———动词———宾语———补语 (主谓宾宾补)掌握好这些基本句型,就可以为灵活运用语言打下良好的基础.下面分别讲解这五种句型. 一、主语---动词----表语 在这一句型中,动词是系动词,划线部分为表语.1.Mr.Brown is an engineer.(名词做表语) 2.Gradualy he became silent.(形容词做表语) 3.She remained standing for a hour.(现在分词做表语) 4.The question remained unsolved.(过去分词做表语) 5.The machine is out of order.(介词短语做表语) 6.The television was on.(副词做表语) 7.His plan is to keep the affair secret.(动词不定式做表语) 8.My job is repairing cars.(动名词做表语)9.The question is what you want to do.(从句做表语,即:表语从句) 注意:在下面的句子中,形容词做表语,在表语的后面常常接不定式结构. I'm happy to meet you. They are willing to help. We are determined to follow his example.二、主语———动词 在这一句型中,动词为不及物动词及不及物的动词词组.在有的句子中,不及物动词可以有状语修饰.1.The sun is rising. 2.I'll try. 3.Did you sleep well?(well做状语,修饰不及物动词sleep) 4.The engine broke down. 注意:在此句型中,有少数不及物动词表达被动含义,表达主语本身所具有的特性,不用被动语态. 1.The book sells well. 2.The window won't shut. 3.The pen writes smoothly. 4.Cheese cuts easily. 三、主语———动词———宾语 在此句型中,动词为及物动词,划线部分为宾语. 1.Do you know these people(them)?(名词或代词做宾语) 2.I can't express myself in English.(反身代词做宾语) 3.He smiled a strange smile.(同源宾语) 4.We can't afford to pay such a price.(不定式做宾语) 5.Would you mind waiting a few minutes?(动名词做宾语) 6.I hope that I have said nothing to pain you.(从句做宾语,即:宾语从句) 注意:并不是所有的及物动词都可以接上述各种情况做宾语,不同的动词有不同的用法,所以,在学习动词时,一定要掌握其用法. 四、主语———动词———宾语———宾语 在此句型中,动词可以称作双宾语动词,在英语中,这样的动词并不多,在学习遇时,要牢记.后面的宾语为间接宾语和直接宾语,其中间接宾语在前,一般表人,直接宾语在后,一般表物.这类句型有三种情况. 第一种情况,间接宾语可以改为to引导的短语. 1.He handed me a letter. He handed a letter to me. 2.She gave me her telephone number. She gave her telephone number to me. 第二种情况,间接宾语可以改为for引导的短语.3.She sang us a folk song. She sang a folk for us. 4.She cooked us a delicious meal. She cooked a delicious meal for us. 第三种情况,直接宾语可以由宾语从句充当. 5.Tell him I'm out.6.Can you inform me where Miss Green lives? 五、主语———动词———宾语———宾语补足语 在此句型中的动词,叫做可以跟复合宾语的动词.在英语中,这样的动词也不多.后面的宾语补足语是说明宾语的情况的,宾语和宾语补足语一起被称做复合宾语.这个句式是英语中比较复杂的一个句式,因为复合宾语的构成内容较多.下面句子中划线部分为宾语补足语.1.He found his new job boring.(形容词做宾补) 2.The called their daughter Mary.(名词做宾补) 3.This placed her in a very difficult position.(介词短语做宾补) 4.We went to here house but found her out.(副词做宾补) 5.What do you advise me to do?(不定式做宾补) 6.We thought him to be an honest man.(tobe做宾补) 7.He believed them to have discussed the problem.(不定式的完成式做宾补) 8.He believed her to be telling the truth.(不定式的进行式做宾补) 9.Did you notice him come in?(不带to的不定式做宾补)10.I saw her chatting with Nancy.(现在分词做宾补)11.He watched the piano carried upstairs.(过去分词做宾补) 注意:在这个结构中,可以出现用it做形式上的宾语,把真正的宾语放在宾语补足语的后面.在此结构中,宾语常常是动词不定式或宾语从句 1.He felt it his duty to mention this to her. 分析:it是形式宾语,his duty是宾语补足语,to mention this to her是真正的宾语. 2.I think it best that you should stay with us. 分析:it是形式宾语,best是宾语补足语,that you should stay with us是真正的宾语.注意: 1.习惯用语的使用 在英语中,有很多动词习惯用语,在学习的过程中,要注意它们的使用,不必分析单独每个词的使用. 例: We are short of money.(be short of中short做表语) She is always making trouble for her friends.(trouble做make的宾语) He has carried out our instructions to the letter.(our instructions做词组carry out的宾语) We are waiting for the rain to stop.(wait for后面的the rain是宾语,to stop是宾语补足语) 2.在英语中,...
英语五种基本句型
英语五种基本句型结构发表时间:2010-11-30 19:51:36作者:钟超韫来源:英语中的五种基本句型结构一、句型1: Subject (主语) + Verb (谓语) 这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词,所谓不及物动词,就是这种动词后不可以直接接宾语。
常见的动词如:work, sing, swim, fish, jump, arrive, come, die, disappear, cry, happen等。
如:1) Li Ming works very hard.李明学习很努力。
2) The accident happened yesterday afternoon.事故是昨天下午发生的。
3)Spring is coming.4) We have lived in the city for ten years.二、句型2:Subject (主语) + Link. V(系动词) + Predicate(表语)这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。
其系动词一般可分为下列两类:(1)表示状态。
这样的词有:be, look, seem, smell, taste, sound, keep等。
如:1) This kind of food tastes delicious.这种食物吃起来很可口。
2) He looked worried just now.刚才他看上去有些焦急。
(2)表示变化。
这类系动词有:become, turn, get, grow, go等。
如:1) Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了,天气变得越来越暖和。
2) The tree has grown much taller than before.这棵树比以前长得高多了。
三、句型3:Subject(主语) + Verb (谓语) + Object (宾语)这种句型中的动词一般为及物动词, 所谓及物动词,就是这种动词后可以直接接宾语,其宾语通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等来充当。
例:1) He took his bag and left.(名词) 他拿着书包离开了。
2) Li Lei always helps me when I have difficulties. (代词)当我遇到困难时,李雷总能给我帮助。
3) She plans to travel in the coming May Day.(不定式)她打算在即将到来的“五一”外出旅游。
4) I don't know what I should do next. (从句)我不知道下一步该干什么。
注意:英语中的许多动词既是及物动词,又是不及物动词。
四、句型4: Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)+ Indirect object(间接宾语)+Direct object (直接宾语)这种句型中,直接宾语为主要宾语,表示动作是对谁做的或为谁做的,在句中不可或缺,常常由表示“物”的名词来充当;间接宾语也被称之为第二宾语,去掉之后,对整个句子的影响不大,多由指“人”的名词或代词承担。
引导这类双宾语的常见动词有:buy, pass, lend, give, tell, teach, show, bring, send等。
如:1) Her father bought her a dictionary as a birthday present.她爸爸给她买了一本词典作为生日礼物。
2)The old man always tells the children stories about the heroes in the Long March.老人经常给孩子们讲述长征途中那些英雄的故事。
上述句子还可以表达为:1)Her father bought a dictionary for her as a birthday present.2)The old man always tells stories about the heroes to the children in the Long March.五、句型5: Subject(主语)+Verb (动词)+Object (宾语)+Complement(补语)这种句型中的“宾语 + 补语”统称为“复合宾语”。
宾语补足语的主要作用或者是补充、说明宾语的特点、身份等;或者表示让宾语去完成的动作等。
担任补语的常常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等。
如:1)You should keep the room clean and tidy. 你应该让屋子保持干净整洁。
(形容词)2) We made him our monitor.(名词)我们选他当班长。
3) His father told him not to play in the street.(不定式)他父亲告诉他不要在街上玩。
4)My father likes to watch the boys playing basketball.(现在分词)5) Yesterday I had a picture taken with two Americans.(过去分词)● 常见的动词有: tell, ask, advise, help, want, would like, order, force, allow等。
● 注意:动词have, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel, watch等后面所接的动词不定式作宾补时,不带to。
如:1) The boss made him do the work all day.老板让他整天做那项工作。
2) I heard her sing in the next room all the time last night.昨天晚上我听见她在隔壁唱了一个晚上。
五种基本句型各举两个例子
一、简单句:基本形式:简单句的基本形式是由一个主语加一个谓语构成。
其它各种句子形式都是由此句型发展而来,如五大基本句型:1.主语+谓语:这种句型简称为主谓结构 例: Things change.事物是变化的。
Nobody went.没有人去。
Did you go by sea?你们走的是海路吗? 2.主语+连系动词+表语:这种句型称为主系表结构,例: Mr. Turner is an artist.特纳先生是位画家。
She became a lawyer.她当了律师。
3.主语+谓语+宾语:这种句型可称为主谓宾结构,它的谓语一般多是及物动词,例: We never beat children.我们从来不打孩子。
4.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语:这种句型可称为主谓宾宾结构,其谓语应是可有双宾语的及物动词,两个宾语一个是间接宾语,一个是直接宾语,例:He gave the book to his sister.他把这本书给了他的妹妹。
I'll write you a long letter.我将写给你一封长信。
5.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补:这种句型可简称为主谓宾补结构,其补语是宾语补语,与宾语一起即构成复合宾语,例:I found the book easy.我发现这本书不难。
(形容词easy作补语) I'll let him go.我将让他去。
(不定式go用作补语)
五种基本句型例句
太难啦!!我要是写下来@得到十二点1!一. 一般现在时 He is often late. He goes to work every day. He teaches English. The earth is roun. Next week they leave for Shanghai. Our holidays begin in a week Here comes Li Ming! There goes the bell. Here he comes. 二. 一般过去时Lei Feng was a good soldier.The boy opened his eyes for a moment, looked at the captain, and then died.Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella. I never drank wineHe used to drink. I used to take a walk in the morning.I didn't know you were in Paris. I thought you were ill. 三. 现在进行时态Look! A train is coming.Listen! He is playing the piano.She isn't going to speak at the meeting.He walks to work.He's walking to work because his bike is being repaired.You are always forgetting the important thing. Mary is doing fine work at school. I was visiting a friend of mine most of the afternoon.It was raining hard when I left my office. When you called, I was eating. When I was cleaning the windows, my brother was sweeping the floor. Some students were playing football while others were running round the track. We were walking along the river when (suddenly) it rained. They were watching TV when the lights went out.She went to see Xiao Li. He was leaving early the next morning. She asked him whether he was coming back for lunch. 四. 一般将来时态I will be twenty-two years old next year.五. 现在完成时Li Ming has just turned off the light. He has lined here for 30 yearsThey've known each other since children. I have lost my pen. She has become a teacher.I have been to the Summer Palace twice. We have visited your school beforeI've been away from Shanghai for 3 days. I left Shanghai 3 days ago. It is (has been)3 days since I left Shanghai.
运用五种基本句型翻译句子
(1)学生们学习很努力The students study______ very __hard_____.(2)事故是昨天晚上发生的The _accident______ __happened_____ last night.(3)这种食物尝起来很糟糕The food ___tastes____ __awful/terrible_____.(4)这个音乐真动听The music __sounds____ __beautiful_____.(5)我昨天看了一部电影I __watched _____ _a______ __movie_____ last night.(6)我想知道你是否会和我一起去I wonder __if_you will come____ _______ with me.(7)请把你的画给我看一下Please show ____me____ __your______ _picture_______.(8)爸爸给儿子讲了一个故事The father __told______ a story ___to____the son.(9)他把墙涂成白色He __painted_____ the wall __white____.(10)我们发现他是一个诚实的人We found ____him___ ____an___ _honest_______man.
英语中 五种基本句型 是 哪几种啊 ?
简单句的五种基本句型 1. 主语+谓语(不及物动词) [S + V] 如:The children are playing happily. 孩子们正在高兴地玩。
2. 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语 [S+V+O] 如:The Greens enjoy living in China. 格林一家喜欢住在中国。
3. 主语+谓语+表语 [S+V+P] 该句型谓语动词为连系动词。
常见的系动词有:be(是); get(变得), become(成为), turn(变得), look(看起来), feel(感到), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), sound(听起来), seem(似乎) 等。
如: ① He became a famous doctor. 他成为了一名著名的医生。
② The apple pie tastes really delicious. 苹果派吃起来真是好吃。
4. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 [S+V+InO+DO] 这种句型中的及物动词后跟双宾语,既指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语。
也可以把间接宾语放在直接宾语之后,但要加介词for或to。
如: ① My aunt bought me a computer. = My aunt bought a computer for me. 我阿姨买给我一台电脑。
② I passed him the salt. = I passed the salt to him. 我把盐递给他。
5. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 [S+V+O+OC] 如:We must keep our school clean. 我们必须保持我们的学校清洁。
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